Die for forging projectiles and the like.



J. DICKINSON.

DIE FOR FORGiNG PROJECTILES AND THE LIKE.

APPLICATION FILED IULY 14. 1-911.

1 966,9%.. Patented May 21,1918.

Mb A TTORA/EK UNITED @IhtIEd JOEL DICKINSON, OF NEWARK, NEW JERSEY.

DIE FOR FORGIN'G PROJ'EG'IILES AND THE LIKE.

Application filed July 14, 1917.

To all whom it may concern:

. Be it known that I, JOEL DICKINSON, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of Newark, in the county of Essex and, State of New Jersey, have invented new and useful Improvements in Dies for Forging Projectiles and the like, of which the following is a specification.

In the manufacture of projectiles, a casting, forging, billet or bloom of approximately cylindrical shape with one end tapered is first made, and this after being heated is placed between upper and lower dies having in their faces longitudinal grooves or depressions which cooperate to compress and elongate the casting as it is hammeredbetween said dies. One of said dies is supported upon any suitable kind of a bed and the other raised and lowered by appropriate means, and the projectile is turned between successive blows. Especially in large projectiles, such as are fortytwoinches long or thereabout, it has been found that the surface engaged by the dies in strikin a blow is so extensive that tremendous force must be employed and even then only a slight impression made, so that the projectile must be hammered a longtime to reduce it to finished shape. Indeed the length of time is so great that the hammering must be divided into two operations and the projectile reheated between them, which requires time, labor and expense. Furthermore, the texture or grain of the metal is liable to be injured by too great force in hammering, and this has to be guarded against.

The objects of the present invention are to enable projectiles to be completely hammered or forged during a single heat; to avoid danger of injuring the metal; to enable the forging to be done more rapidly and with less wear and strain upon the ma-- chinery; to provide for this purpose forging dies by means of which the casting can be roughened into shape by one pair of coop erating surfaces and then finished by another pair of cooperating surfaces; to provide for this purpose dies having both transverse and longitudinal grooves for hammering the projectile, the transverse grooves being .shorter than the longitudinal ones so that less surface of the projectile 1s engaged and correspondingly greater impression made; to locate such transverse grooves directly between or in line with the Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 21, i918.

Serial No. 180,500.

means for supporting the dies; to effect great saving of time, labor and expensein the forging of projectiles, and to obtain other advantages and results as may be brought out in the following description.

Referring to the accompanying drawing, in which like numerals of reference indicate the same parts throughout the several views,

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the lower die of a pair embodying my invention, it being understood that the faces of the upper and lower dies are substantially alike;

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of a pair of my improved dies slightly separated, and

Fig. 3 is an end View of the same.

I11 said drawing, 1 indicates the upper die and 2 the lower die of a pair of forging dies of my improved construction, it being understood that the lower die 2 is adapted to be supported upon any suitable kind of a bed and the upper die held by its upper part 3 in any suitable means, such as a hammer 01' press, by which it can be reciprocated up and down with respect to the lower die. I have not shown the bed or hammer,

as these parts are old and well-known in theart and in no way affect the relation of the dies to said parts a it has previously existed.

The faces of the upper and lower dies, as they embody my invention, are substantially alike, and therefore it will be sufficient to describe one of them, as for instance the face of the lower die, which is clearly shown in Fig. 1. As will be seen from the drawing, the die face is of considerably greater length than width and longitudinally of it is formed a groove or recess to receive the projectile, one end of said groove being tapered as at a to fit the tapered end of the projectile and the other end 5 having a shoulder 6 beyond itself. In hammering a projectile, the material works out to some extent over said shoulder 6 and through the point 7 of the tapered end of the recess, as will be understood by those skilled in the art.

In carrying out my invention, I form transversely of the die, and preferably midway of its length, a groove or recess 8 which may be of substantially the same depth and formation as the end portion 5 of the longitudinal groove or recess as shown or may be of different formation than said portion and thus adapted to act differently upon the Work. This transverse groove 8 is considerably shorter than the longitudinal groove or recess, and furthermore it lies directly beneath the portion 3 of the hammer by which the latter is reciprocated, by which benefits and advantages are secured which .will be hereinafter referred to.

WVith my improved forging dies, the heated casting or the like is first placed in the trans verse grooves 0r recesses 8, 8 of the dies and hammered or pressed, the projectile being turned by the well-known means and also shifted back and forth longitudinally as rejectile may be accomplished in a singl heat,

if desired, because it can be done in less time this way than by the old way. The transverse grooves being shorter than the longitudinal grooves or recesses, the projectile can be "much more quickly reduced or roughed into shape than by hammering it for its entire length vat once. Then when shifted into the longitudinal grooves or recesses it can be finished as it usually is. As I have stated, the forging can be completed in a single heat, and thus a ,great deal of time, labor and expenseavoided.

Also, since the transverse grooves intersect the longitudinal grooves substantially midway of their length, or at the middle of the length of the dies, the work while being hammered in said transverse grooves is di-' rectly beneath the rod or plunger which supports the upper die, so that the work is struck a firm blow and there is no opportunity for give or spring in the dies. Furthermore, by roughing or first hammering the projectile in the transverse grooves, it does not have to be struck with such tremendous force, and the danger of detrimentally affecting the grain Or texture of the metal is avoided. There is thus not only the saving of time and labor to which I have referred, by the use of my invention, but also projectiles of improved quality of metal are obtained.

While I have described my invention as applied to the manufacture of projectiles, obviously it can be employed for any kind of work to which it is adapted, and I do not wish to be understood as restricting the use of the invention. Furthermore, while I have for illustration shown grooves or re cesses suitable for the formation of projectiles, I desire it understood that any wellknown form of grooves or recesses can be employed in carrying'out my invention, and furthermore, that the transverse and longitudinal grooves may vary in depth or crosssectional shape as may be necessary or desirable for any particular class of work. I deem it within the scope of my invention to employ dies having any kind of faces which are adapted to act upon the work arranged either longitudinally or transversely thereof, so as to secure the results and advantages herein set forth.

I have used the words longitudinal and transverse herein to indicate that the grooves or recesses are preferably secured of different length by forming them in dies which are of greater length than breadth, and I do not intend any more restrictive meaning to be given to said words than that. That is to say, the transverse groove or recess of an oblong die means a shorter one than a longitudinal groove or recess of the same die, whether or not said grooves or recesses are at right angles to each other or parallel to the major and minor axial lines of the die face. It is preferable to thus secure die grooves or recesses of different lengths, and yet I consider it within the scope of my invention to form them in a die face so that they will be of equal length.

Having thus described the invention, what I claim is.

l. Forging dies of the character described, having in their cooperating faces intersecting grooves either of which is adapted to receive the work, whereby said dies provide a plurality of pairs of working surfaces between which the work can be placed.

2. Forging dies of the character described, having in their cooperating faces each a longitudinal groove or recess and a transverse groove or recess, said grooves or recesses intersecting at substantially the celiter of the die face.

3. Forging dies of the character described, having in their cooperating faces each a longitudinal groove or recess and a trans verse groove or recess, said grooves or recesses intersecting and being similar at their intersection, whereby the (lies may act similarly upon a piece of work in both said longitudinal and transverse grooves or recesses.

4. Forging dies of the character described, having elongated faces of a length considerably greater than their width, each of said faces having a longitudinal groove or recess and a transverse groove or recess intersecting each other, whereby the dies may act upon a piece of work arranged either longitudinally or transversely of them.

5. Forging dies of the character described, having in their cooperating faces intersecting' grooves either of which is adapted to receive the work and which are similar at their intersection, whereby said dies provide a plurality of pairs of working surfaces between wlnch the work can be placed and similarly shaped.

6. Forging dies of the character described, having elongated cooperating faces each with work grooves 01' recesses intersectin at substantially the center of the die ace and either adapted to receive the work, said sets of grooves being arranged in said faces so that one is longer than the other and thus adapted to engage the work to a different extent.

7. Forging dies of the character described, one of which has in its face intersecting grooves either of which is adapted to receive the work and cooperate with the other die in acting upon the same.

8. Forging dies of the character described, one of them having in its face intersecting grooves either of which is adapted to receive the work and which grooves are similar at their intersection, whereby said dies provide a plurality of pairs of working surfaces between which the work can be placed and similarly shaped.

9. Forging dies of the character described, one of which has in its face work grooves or recesses intersecting substantially in the center line of the die and being one longer than the other, said grooves or recesses adapted to receive the work and engage the same to difl'erent extents in cooperation with the other die.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOEL DICKINSON.

Witnesses:

GEORGE R. GARDNER, WM. S. MATHER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G. 

